Launch Vehicles
Energia
Soviet Union
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A Soviet super heavy-lift launch vehicle developed to carry the Buran space shuttle orbiter and other very large payloads, one of the most powerful rockets ever flown. It flew only twice, once carrying the Polyus weapons-testbed payload that failed to reach orbit, and once launching Buran on its sole, uncrewed flight in 1988, before the program was cancelled with the Soviet collapse.
Facts
Vehicle ClassSuper heavy-lift expendable launch vehicle 1 Manufacturer First Flight Date StatusRetired after two flights; the program was cancelled in the early 1990s as Soviet space spending collapsed. 1 Payload to LEO (kg)Approximately 100,000 kg. 1 Cross-Tradition Connections
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