The large-scale structure of the universe refers to the pattern formed by the distribution of galaxies and matter across cosmic scales, organized into a cosmic web of filaments and dense clusters surrounding vast, comparatively empty voids. This structure grew from tiny density fluctuations present in the early universe, amplified over billions of years by gravitational attraction acting most strongly on cold dark matter. Large galaxy redshift surveys, which map millions of galaxy positions and distances, have been the primary tool for charting this structure and testing cosmological models against it.
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